Sains Malaysiana 53(9)(2024):
3149-3158
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5309-19
Combined Anti-Diabetic and
Wound Healing Effects of Binahung Leaf (Basella rubra L.) and
Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) Extracts
in Alloxan-Induced High-Fat Diet Rats
(Kesan Gabungan Anti-Kencing Manis dan Penyembuhan Luka Ekstrak Daun Binahung (Basella rubra L.) dan Ikan Haruan (Channa atriata) pada Tikus Diet
Tinggi Lemak Teraruh Aloksan)
HERU
SASONGKO1,*, INTAN MUSLIMAH1,
SUKMANIA INDRA ALVIANTI NINGSIH1 & SUTARNO2
1Sebelas Maret University, Diploma 3 of Pharmacy,
Vocational School, Jl. Ir Sutami No.36A Surakarta, Central Java Indonesia, 57126
2Sebelas Maret University, Department of Biology,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Jl. Ir Sutami No.36A
Surakarta, Central Java Indonesia, 57126
Diserahkan:
10 Disember 2023/Diterima:
30 Julai 2024
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that
continues to increase in the world. Lifestyle factors cause diabetes cases to
increase uncontrollably. The development of medicines based on natural
ingredients has become a subject of study for researchers throughout the world.
Meanwhile, binahong leaf extract contains flavonoids
and saponins, which can reduce the absorption of glucose. Snakehead fish
extract containing albumin also influences the reduction of diabetic wounds.
The combination of binahong and snakehead fish
extract is expected to synergistically lower blood glucose levels and cure
diabetic wounds. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the anti-diabetic and
wound healing activity resulting from the combination of binahong leaf and snakehead fish extract in rat models of diabetes induced with alloxan
and fat diet. The test animals were divided into six groups with five per
group, namely normal, positive, and negative control, as well as dose 1
(snakehead fish 250 mg/kg and binahong extract 100 mg/kg),
dose 2 (snakehead fish 250 mg/kg and binahong extract
300 mg/kg), and a single dose of snakehead fish extract 500 mg/kg. The
experiment was conducted for 21 days by administering the test solution once a
day. The results showed that administering a combination of binahong extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg and snakehead fish at a dose of 500 mg/kg
significantly reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic rats (p≤0.05).
Treatment using a combination of the two extracts was more effective in
lowering blood sugar levels compared to a single dose of snakehead fish
extract.
Keywords: Albumin;
diabetes mellitus; diabetic wounds; flavonoid
Abstrak
Diabetes mellitus ialah penyakit metabolik yang terus meningkat di seluruh dunia. Faktor gaya hidup menyebabkan kes diabetes meningkat tanpa kawalan. Pembangunan ubat-ubatan berdasarkan bahan-bahan semula jadi telah menjadi subjek kajian bagi penyelidik di seluruh dunia. Sementara itu, ekstrak daun binahong mengandungi flavonoid dan saponin, yang boleh mengurangkan penyerapan glukosa. Ekstrak ikan toman yang mengandungi albumin juga memberi kesan kepada pengurangan luka diabetes. Gabungan ekstrak binahong dan ekstrak ikan toman dijangka secara sinergis mengurangkan tahap glukosa darah dan menyembuhkan luka diabetes. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan aktiviti anti-diabetes dan penyembuhan luka yang dihasilkan daripada gabungan binahong daun dan ekstrak ikan toman pada model tikus diabetes teraruh diet aloksan dan lemak. Haiwan ujian dibahagikan kepada enam kumpulan dengan lima setiap kumpulan, iaitu normal, positif, dan kawalan negatif, serta dos 1 (ekstrak ikan
toman 250 mg/kg dan ekstrak binahong 100 mg/kg), dos 2 (ekstrak ikan toman 250 mg/kg dan ekstrak binahong 300 mg/kg) dan satu dos ekstrak ikan toman 500 mg/kg. Uji kaji ini dijalankan selama 21 hari dengan pemberian larutan ujian satu kali sehari. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahawa pengambilan gabungan ekstrak binahong pada dos 100 mg/kg dan
ikan toman pada dos 500 mg/kg secara signifikan mengurangkan tahap glukosa darah pada tikus diabetes
(p≤0.05). Rawatan menggunakan gabungan kedua-dua ekstrak adalah lebih berkesan dalam mengurangkan tahap gula darah berbanding dengan satu dos ekstrak ikan toman.
Kata kunci: Albumin; diabetes melitus;
flavonoid; luka diabetes
RUJUKAN
Abas, M., El Masry, M.
& Elgharably, H. 2020. Chapter 19 - Collagen in diabetic wound healing. In Wound
Healing, Tissue Repair, and Regeneration in Diabetes, edited by Bagchi, D.
Das, A. & Roy S. Massachusetts: Academic Press. pp. 393-401.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816413-6.00019-8
Abdulgani,
N., Hidayati, D., Adinovitasary, R., Oliviatie, V. & Sekartaji, A.D. 2020.
MDA levels in the pancreas, testes, liver, and plasma of diabetic rats: The
effect of snakehead (Channa striata) extract. Nusantara Bioscience 12(1): 50-54. https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n120109
Ahmad,
M., He, L. & Perrimon, N. 2020. Regulation of insulin and adipokinetic
hormone/glucagon production in flies. WIREs Developmental Biology 9:
360. https://doi.org/10.1002/wdev.360
Azemi,
A.K., Mustapha, S., Mohammed, M., Rasool, A.H.G., Ishak, R., Mat
Jais, A.M. & Mokhtar, S.S. 2021. Review of pharmacological properties of Channa striatus (Haruan) in diabetes and cardiovascular complications. Preprint 2021080200.
https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0200.v1
Calderón
Guzmán, D., Juárez Olguín, H., Veloz Corona, Q., Ortiz Herrera, M., Osnaya
Brizuela, N. & Barragán Mejía, G. 2020. Consumption of cooked common beans
or saponins could reduce the risk of diabetic complications. Diabetes,
Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity 13: 3481-3486.
https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S270564
Daiber,
A., Kröller-Schön, S., Frenis, K., Oelze, M., Kalinovic, S., Vujacic-Mirski,
K., Kuntic, M., Bayo Jimenez, M.T., Helmstädter, J., Steven, S., Korac, B.
& Münzel, T. 2019. Environmental noise induces the release of stress
hormones and inflammatory signaling molecules leading to oxidative stress and
vascular dysfunction - Signatures of the internal exposome. BioFactors 45(4): 495-506. https://doi.org/10.1002/biof.1506
Darmawan,
A., Yusuf, S., Tahir, T. & Syahriyani, S. 2021. Betel leaf extract efficacy
on wound healing: A systematic review. STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan 10(1):
526-536.
Decroli,
E., Manaf, A., Syahbuddin, S., Syafrita, Y. & Dillasamola, D. 2019. The
correlation between malondialdehyde and nerve growth factor serum level with
diabetic peripheral neuropathy score. Open Access Maced. J. Med. Sci. 7:
103-106. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.029
Đurašević,
S., Nikolić, G., Zaletel, I., Grigorov, I., Memon, L.,
Mitić-Ćulafić, D., Vujović, P., Đorđević, J.
& Todorović, Z. 2020. Distinct effects of virgin coconut oil
supplementation on the glucose and lipid homeostasis in non-diabetic and
alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Functional Foods 64: 103601.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2019.103601
Eming,
S.A., Martin, P. & Tomic-Canic, M. 2014. Wound repair and regeneration:
Mechanisms, Signaling, and translation. Sci. Transl. Med. 6(265):
265sr6. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3009337
Hansen,
S.L., Bojsen-Møller, K.N., Lundsgaard, A.M., Hendrich, F.L., Nilas, L.,
Sjøberg, K.A. & Kiens, B. 2020. Mechanisms underlying absent
training-induced improvement in insulin action in lean, hyperandrogenic women
with polycystic ovary syndrome. Diabetes 69(11): 2267-2280.
Harahap,
Y., Elya, B. & Bahtiar, A. 2019. Impact of solvent on the characteristics
of standardized binahong leaf (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis. Pharmacognosy
Journal 11: 1463-1470. https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2019.11.226
Kim, J.,
Yang, G.S., Lyon, D., Kelly, D.L. & Stechmiller, J. 2021. Metabolomics:
Impact of comorbidities and inflammation on sickness behaviors for individuals
with chronic wounds. Advances in Wound Care 10(7): 357-369.
https://doi.org/10.1089/wound.2020.1215
Laxmi,
S., Venkatesham, A., Reddy, R., Shankaraiah, P. & Krishna, R. 2009.
Glibenclamide therapy in Type 2 diabetes. International Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 2(1): 385-390.
Liu, X.,
Wang, K., Zhou, J., Sullivan, M.A., Liu, Y., Gilbert, R.G. & Deng, B. 2020.
Metformin and berberine suppress glycogenolysis by inhibiting glycogen
phosphorylase and stabilizing the molecular structure of glycogen in Db/Db
mice. Carbohydrate Polymers 243: 116435.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116435.
Lundsgaard,
A.M., Sjøberg, K.A., Høeg, L.D., Jeppesen, J., Jordy, A.B., Serup, A.K. &
Kiens, B. 2017. Opposite regulation of insulin sensitivity by dietary lipid
versus carbohydrate excess. Diabetes 66(10): 2583-2595.
Rahmasari,
I., Martins, F.F., Musta’an, M. & Purwaningsih, I. 2022. Modern wound
treatment with moist wound healing effective for healing diabetic ulcus. Proceedings
of the International Conference on Nursing and Health Sciences 3(1):
163-166. https://doi.org/10.37287/picnhs.v3i1.1144
Ramadhanti,
N.A., Sandhika, W. & Widodo, A.D.W. 2021. The effect of snakehead fish (Channa
striata) extract on inflammation reaction of skin wound tissue in Rattus
novergicus Wistar strain. Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit Dan Kelamin 33: 48-54.
Ramzy,
M.M., Essawy, T.A., Shamaa, A. & Mohamed, S.S.A. 2020. Evaluation of the
effect of platelet rich plasma on wound healing in the tongue of normal and
streptozotocin-induced diabetic Albino rats: Histological, immunohistochemical,
and ultrastructural study. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical
Sciences 8(A): 666-689. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.5366
Rodrigues,
M., Kosaric, N., Bonham, C.A. & Gurtner, G.C. 2019. Wound healing: A
cellular perspective. Physiological Reviews 99(1): 665-706.
https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00067.2017
Rollando
Afthoni, M.H., Cesa, F.Y., Monica, E. & Wibawanty, N.A. 2022. Effectiveness
of ethanol extract of binahong leaves as an antidiabetic candidate in Wistar
white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Jurnal
Wiyata: Penelitian Sains dan
Kesehatan 9(1): 71-78.
Sakr,
H.F., Sirasanagandla, S.R., Das, S., Bima, A.I. & Elsamanoudy, A.Z. 2023.
Insulin resistance and hypertension: Mechanisms involved and modifying factors
for effective glucose control. Biomedicines 11(8): 2271.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11082271
Sasongko,
H., Brilian, A.Y., Octafiani, H.F., Alfasina, N.R., Cahyadi, M. & Sutarno.
2023. Polyunsaturated fatty acids from eel extract attenuate gastritis and
hepatotoxic by indomethacin-induced in rats. Sains Malaysiana 52(10):
2829-2841.
Sasongko,
H., Lestari, R.G., Yugatama, A., Farida, Y. & Sugiyarto. 2020. Antidiabetic
and antioxidant effect combination Vasconcellea pubescens A.DC. and Momordica
charantia, L. extract in alloxan- induced diabetic rats. Pharmacognosy
Journal 12(2): 311-315. https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2020.12.49.
Tam,
J.C.W., Lau, K.M., Liu, C.L., To, M.H., Kwok, H.F., Lai, K.K., Lau, C.P., Ko,
C.H., Leung, P.C. & Fung, K.P. 2011. The in vivo and in vitro diabetic wound healing effects of a 2-herb Formula and its mechanisms of
action. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 134: 831-838,.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.01.032
Velnar,
T., Bailey, T. & Smrkolj, V. 2009. The wound healing process: An overview
of the cellular and molecular mechanisms. Journal of International Medical
Research 37(5): 1528-1542. https://doi.org/10.1177/147323000903700531
Vita,
A.D., Fatimah, N. & Murtiwi, S. 2019. Efek antidiabetik ekstrak daun
Gendola (Basella rubra L.) terhadap kadar gula darah tikus putih. Jurnal
Medik Veteriner 2(2): 127-132.
https://doi.org/10.20473/jmv.vol2.iss2.2019.127-132
*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat;
email: heru_sasongko@staff.uns.ac.id
|